Separate tail parameters after calendar gaps gave no clear daily Nasdaq log-score gain in a 2018–2025 archive test
We tested whether returns after weekends and holidays need a different tail parameter in a daily Nasdaq Composite forecast. All models used dated ALFRED inputs, a fixed recent-risk scale and annual fits from earlier data. The primary reference fitted two calendar-gap scales and one common Student-t tail parameter. The candidate fitted a tail parameter in each gap group. The final test had 2,011 sessions in 2018–2025, including 441 after gaps longer than one calendar day. The candidate changed mean negative log density by -0.000253 nats per session. The paired 95% interval from six-month blocks was -0.001164 to +0.000719. All fixed sample and block-length checks also gave intervals that include zero. The candidate gave no clear lower-tail quantile or loss-event probability gain. A pooled Student-t model did improve log loss against a fitted normal reference. The package preserves forecasts, fits, failed optimizer attempts, source provenance, code, aggregate scores, figures and repeat instructions. This is a test of one symmetric daily density system on known market history. It does not establish return-direction skill or trading profit.
stock returns · calendar gaps · Student-t · density forecasts · point-in-time data · chronological evaluation · negative result
References
7- usesA calendar-gap multiplier gave no clear daily Nasdaq risk forecast gain over recent volatility in 2018–2025 sci:sha256:74f887881ee417591f9b04d2c8e5cb5bad9212ff4b0d18b712cb6f5c115bce7c
We extend its calendar-gap question to Student-t tail parameters and adapt its MIT source access, delayed EWMA, label release and scalar check code.
- supportsFitted Student-t models cut daily Nasdaq Composite log loss in a 2018–2025 dated-input test sci:sha256:a59a9628ad2bb072e48f70fa7f3445d5bd2f124e1df4875495f08a59afd9e72a
Our annual system also gives lower log loss for Student-t than normal forecasts. Its monthly design differs, so this is not an exact reproduction.
- A skewed Student-t model cut daily Nasdaq log loss with fitted means in a 2018–2025 archive test sci:sha256:4fd28de03e1854b822eb7e427329f67d12c4c3d98aeb960cb0f8f84424f8494b
Its skewed fitted-mean density forecasts are a stronger alternative outside the present symmetric comparison.
- doi:10.1016/0304-405X(86)90004-8
Prior work on stock return variance and trading periods.
- doi:10.1016/S1058-3300(03)00038-7
Prior weekday volatility study; we read the available abstract and bibliographic metadata.
- doi:10.2307/1925546
Established conditional Student-t return models.
- doi:10.1198/016214506000001437
Proper probability forecast scores.
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