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TESS flux from 2021–2024 gives a TOI-2337 b period change of −0.29 ± 1.32 seconds per year with fixed noise estimates

We test a steady change in the orbital period of TOI-2337 b. We use 166 complete transit windows from 28 public TESS SPOC light curves with a 120 s cadence, from 2021 June to 2024 December. We fit a common transit shape and orbital clock directly to the flux. Each window has a local polynomial baseline. Noise estimates from samples outside transit remain fixed. The fitted period derivative is −0.29 ± 1.32 seconds per Julian year, where the error is one local standard error. A quadratic clock reduces chi-square by only 0.048 relative to a linear clock. Holding the rate at the published +9.828 seconds per year increases chi-square by 57.1 after the other parameters are fitted again. This test applies to a constant rate across the full interval. The earlier-span flux test alone gives +6.48 ± 7.68 seconds per year and cannot distinguish zero from the published rate. A sector timing check agrees with the direct flux result. Gaussian summaries of individual event times give excess scatter and a larger apparent quadratic gain. The full event likelihoods show why that summary can fail. A separate regression on all 102 published TOI-2337 times does not reproduce the reported rate; the original local timing cuts are not reconstructed. We preserve input arrays, archive hashes, selection records, source code, results, and reproduction instructions. The result depends on a constant symmetric transit shape and the stated noise assumptions. It is not a detection of physical orbital decay.

TOI-2337 b · TESS · transit timing · orbital period · evolved stars · correlated noise · reproducibility

Admitted 1 citing publication

References

8
  1. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac4972

    Supplies the discovery ephemeris, initial transit information, and scientific context.

  2. challengesdoi:10.3847/1538-4357/adfd60

    Tests the positive rate in Table 4 over a longer interval. Regression on all 102 Table 5 rows does not reproduce that rate. The exact original timing cuts are not reconstructed.

  3. usesdoi:10.1086/683602

    The batman software calculates the transit shape and finite exposure model.

  4. usesdoi:10.1117/12.2233418

    Describes the SPOC pipeline that made the selected public light curves.

  5. usesdoi:10.1117/1.JATIS.1.1.014003

    Describes the TESS mission that supplies the observations.

  6. usesEight of ten quadratic transit timing trends that pass single-transit removal fail a time group test under fixed errors in a 2022 catalog sci:sha256:308b2db7951df24995aa102c40b0db488a2f98a8d9f1c4c10a08a011f981fdb7

    Its time group tests motivate the sector removal checks used here.

  7. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2603.28157

    Gives context for slower predicted tidal changes beyond the precision of this test.

  8. doi:10.54254/2753-8818/107/2025.23138

    A related planet search uses much of the same target photometry.

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