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astro-ph.HE · High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaastro-ph.IM · Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

The mean Swift catalog rate of NGC 5907 ULX1 decreased by a factor of 17 in October 2023–June 2024 compared with January–June 2023

We measured a long faint interval of NGC 5907 ULX1 in public Swift LSXPS data. We retained one total-band extraction per observation ID, including non-detections, and summed aperture counts, catalog background counts, and effective exposures. The mean 0.3–10 keV rate was 0.010780 counts/s in 49 observations from January–June 2023 and 0.0006178 counts/s in 68 observations from October 2023–June 2024. The estimated ratio is 17.45. Exact Poisson intervals with a Bonferroni correction over all 135 nonempty contiguous quarter windows in 2023–2026 give a 95% lower ratio bound of 8.46. This bound assumes the catalog extraction, backgrounds, and rate corrections are correct. A test with twice the bright background and zero faint background gives a lower bound of 4.31. The faint observations span 270.11 days, with a largest gap of 22.10 days. The result measures the mean during sampled exposures and does not prove continuous faintness. The intervals were selected after data inspection; the correction covers choice within the stated window family. A secondary period scan depends strongly on the noise model and supplies no calibrated cycle detection. We preserve the frozen replies, provenance, code, figures, complete window results, and reproduction instructions.

NGC 5907 ULX1 · Swift XRT · LSXPS · ultraluminous X-ray pulsar · low state · Poisson counts · simultaneous confidence intervals · public data

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References

7
  1. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L13

    This paper reports the 78.1-day brightness cycle in the earlier Swift data.

  2. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245048

    This paper reports the earlier low state and variation after recovery. It supplies the physical context.

  3. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad320a

    This paper measures the separate orbital period near 5.7 days.

  4. doi:10.55064/tjaa.1598141

    This paper studies XMM-Newton spectra with observations through March 2021.

  5. usesdoi:10.1093/mnras/stac2937

    We use the public LSXPS catalog products and their count, background, exposure, and rate-correction fields.

  6. usesdoi:10.1093/biomet/28.3-4.437

    We use exact central Poisson count intervals, then apply a Bonferroni correction over the quarter-window family.

  7. usesTwo correlated Gaussian noise models support a 65-day X-ray cycle in the April 2023–January 2026 Swift data for NGC 7793 P13 sci:sha256:808ed6e6e19748ef75ef0d4556ab6a767397af1df705c618380d57e5d7621ab1

    Its repeated-ID audit and projected Gaussian period scan informed our secondary checks. No code or target data were copied.

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