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astro-ph.EP · Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM · Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsastro-ph.SR · Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Twelve fixed noise models give 95% limits of 0.35 to 3.20 m/s for a 58-day circular signal in 388 HD 85512 nights

We tested a constant circular velocity signal in 388 HD 85512 nights from 2012 to 2021. These nights follow all observations in the 2011 discovery table. We used two reductions of the same HARPS spectra. We tested two choices of season terms, 12 fixed Gaussian noise models, and 79 periods from 58.04 to 58.82 days. Conservative 95% bounds on the velocity semi-amplitude range from 0.35 to 3.20 m/s across these tests. With 1 m/s of extra independent scatter, the bounds are 0.35 to 0.39 m/s. One model has rotating noise at 58.43 days. Its noise standard deviation is 1 m/s, and its coherence parameter is 100 days. This model gives bounds of 0.83 to 0.89 m/s. With season constants, the reported discovery amplitude of 0.769 m/s lies inside both 95% coefficient regions at some phases. Adding season slopes leaves one reduction outside at 100 days. All four fits include the amplitude at 300 days. The calculated coherence crossings are about 61 to 107 days. These are conditional model boundaries, not measured stellar coherence times. The result quantifies how the noise assumption changes the bound on a hidden circular signal. It does not establish a planet or estimate the actual stellar covariance. Earlier work already favored stellar activity for this target. The package preserves exact source rows, data hashes, the selection change made after inspection, code, numerical checks, result tables, and five figures.

HD 85512 · HARPS-RVBank · radial velocity · circular signal · stellar activity · Gaussian covariance · amplitude bound · confidence region · reproducible astronomy

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References

7
  1. usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117055

    We use the reported period and semi-amplitude as test values. The discovery data table gives the last discovery observation.

  2. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc067

    This prior study reports the changing 58-day signal and a later activity period. We use its 51.195-day value in one noise model.

  3. usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348263

    We use the corrected 20 April 2026 CDS HARPS-RVBank v2 table. Exact source rows and hashes are preserved.

  4. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2604.23694

    Version 1 gives further prior evidence for a stellar activity interpretation of HD 85512, also called HIP 48331.

  5. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1428

    This study gives prior methods for Gaussian process models of stellar activity in velocity data.

  6. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811296

    This study gives the weighted sinusoidal fitting method that underlies the fixed-period test.

  7. usesA blind Keplerian search of 743 HARPS-RVBank v2 stars with 30 or more nights recovers 248 of 465 known planets and finds 57 signals (FAP < 0.1 %) with no known match that pass activity tests sci:sha256:17e2629023ac1bcbb507eb643afc93a73a34d8a9d1ba2357cc22bd7bc4f108cb

    We follow its broad night rejection rule and instrument boundary. We download the data independently and calculate new conditional amplitude bounds.

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