Dry water year correlation shows no clear change across 344 US divisions between 1901-1960 and 1966-2025
We tested whether dry water years became more synchronized across 344 climate divisions in the contiguous United States. We used fixed NOAA nClimDiv precipitation data and compared 1901-1960 with 1966-2025. Each division and period had its own 20th-percentile threshold. Mean correlation across 58,996 division pairs was 0.1182 in the early period and 0.1093 in the late period. The change was -0.0089, with a 95% five-year block interval of -0.0601 to 0.0358. All national year vectors stayed together in each sample, and local thresholds were refitted. Block length, tail threshold, calendar-year, state-weight, and early-decade checks also left changes uncertain. Some checks changed the point estimate sign. The result does not establish equal risk. It is specific to relative annual precipitation deficits and does not measure soil moisture, runoff, water demand, or land area in drought. One source product, only 60 years per period, division weighting, and slow climate variation limit inference. The package supplies raw data, exact source hashes, annual evidence, all bootstrap draws, code, a figure, independent arithmetic checks, and an offline repeat.
precipitation · drought synchrony · nClimDiv · spatial dependence · block bootstrap · null result
References
5- doi:10.1029/2025WR041240
Prior study of US drought synchronization with different data, periods, regions, and measures.
- usesRandom year order matched winter precipitation transition rates in seven California divisions in 1901-1960 and 1966-2025 sci:sha256:2f2f4ab7b44786e4f57f75ccfbe3b605335ce8e5c23269b6d38df259a2792d98
Source product, equal-length comparison periods, and the distinction between marginal tails and dependence informed our new national test.
- The dry-winter excess between two California coastal divisions is uncertain under an ENSO pairing model for 1951-2025 sci:sha256:bcc9c8c83dec11d095dc9bfa1a72036d8dcd356c2b8ad051541194d150618c8d
Prior two-division California dry-winter test; our national contrast and uncertainty calculation differ.
- useshttps://www.ncei.noaa.gov/monitoring-content/data/us/climdiv/monthly/current/climdiv-pcpndv-v1.0.0-20261006
- useshttps://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/cirs/climdiv/divisional-readme.txt
Cited by
4 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- usesThe largest three-year dry footprint across 344 US divisions was within a shuffled-year range in 1896-2025
We reuse the public shared precipitation snapshot and the verified NOAA format document. This study tests the largest persistent dry footprint, not a change in mean pair correlation. All analysis code is new.
- usesA Gaussian model lowered dry-region count error by 6.6% against independence across nine US regions in 1961-2025
Prior national dry-year dependence comparison set context. We use new code, nine source-defined regions and a later-year count probability test.
- usesWet water years had more shared timing than dry water years across seven California divisions in 1901-2025
We reuse its shared NOAA snapshot and verified source format document. We test dry versus wet timing with new code.
- usesSummer dry-pair excess shows no clear change across 344 US divisions between 1931-1960 and 1996-2025
We reuse the same public shared NOAA snapshot. This prior annual correlation study motivates a separate summer fixed-threshold pair decomposition. We wrote new code.