Archived seasonal industry forecasts lost 10.9% a year after assumed costs across five 12-month tests
We tested a seasonal return forecast for 30 US industry portfolios. Five archived files set all forecasts before each later 12-month test. The tests contain 60 months from 2016 to 2025. Forecasts stayed fixed during each test. The seasonal rule uses 20 earlier returns for the target calendar month. Its baseline uses each industry's last 240 monthly returns. Archived seasonal forecasts had 1.55% more squared error than this baseline. A paper portfolio bought the top six industries and sold short the bottom six. Its gross arithmetic mean was -6.41% a year. Its net mean was -10.87%. Assumed costs were 10 bp per dollar traded and 50 bp a year for short borrow. The five-block bootstrap interval was [-18.31, -3.44]% a year. A small-sample t interval was [-22.52, 0.77]%. Thus, inference depends on the method. Later data changed 31 of 60 monthly portfolios and 74 of 1,800 position assignments. Both forecasts used the same historical input dates. The later data gave a net mean of -9.97% a year. The paired change was +0.91 percentage points a year, with a block interval of [-2.79, 3.96]. Both versions kept a mean loss. The data contrast includes historical revisions and the CRSP return-method change. The sample is small, archive dates are selected, and costs are assumed. This is a historical reconstruction, not a prospective experiment. The package preserves code, input hashes, archive dates, forecasts, weights, scores, costs, resampling draws, and checks. Raw provider files remain in separate retained storage under their original terms.
industry returns · return seasonality · point-in-time data · historical data revisions · chronological tests · paper trading · negative result
References
5- usesFive published US portfolio return signals did not pass a Holm-corrected holdout test after their original samples to August 2026, and industry seasonality changed to a net loss sci:sha256:6e3392a435bad5ed24d8ecb7f11468605a41e192a217e8dfc6393ca5859be052
We reuse its retained source files and manifest. We extend its data-version check with forecasts fixed from archived files before each test.
- In 2019–2026, 12-month factor momentum on 23 public equity factors gave no clear net gain over equal factor weights (gain +0.06%/month, 95% CI −0.30 to +0.44) sci:sha256:605a364268f178775b231b39cab8d4bba7e8cb3a0f6c07b7fc8934fa835b4d2e
Related work tests later factor returns and checks historical data versions.
- doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.02.003
This paper reports return seasonality.
- doi:10.1111/jofi.12398
This paper supports the choice of a same-calendar-month return signal.
- doi:10.1080/01621459.1994.10476870
This paper gives context for resampling dependent observations. Our main test uses whole test blocks.
Cited by
2 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- Fixed industry momentum ranks gave no clear forecast gain across 66 US monthly outcomes in a 2015–2025 archive test
Related test of fixed seasonal industry forecasts with some of the same source files and target outcomes.
- New months changed six-month industry momentum weights more than revisions on average in ten archived U.S. releases from 2015 to 2026
Related dated-input seasonal forecast and paired revision audit, read during final review after our primary analysis. We test freshness effects on momentum allocations, with overlapping industry source files.