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A test martingale at threshold 20 bounds false rejection by 5% under a known conditional stop law and predictable response scores

We give a Python tool to test current response information about future stops. Researchers must set each score before they know its next label. The conditional stop probability must be correct under the null. A proof gives a 5% false rejection bound, including repeated inspection of one fixed test. The general probability theorem is established. Public AOMIC PIOP2 event files set the benchmark size at 100 trials and 226 participants. We used 5,000 simulated studies per condition. In five settings with correct laws, detection rates were 2.18% to 2.86% for responses with only past inputs. An ordinary future stop contrast gave 83.22% detections under independent stops with a response from the past stop count. The tests have different nulls. An incorrect adaptive probability gave 100% detections without future response input. The new work is the checked tool and its benchmark. Power was low in some conditions with one participant. The package keeps code, proof, 233 pinned source files, simulation records, and reproduction instructions. An independent rerun gave identical numerical arrays and summaries. We make no calibrated inference about recorded human responses because their required assignment law is unknown.

test martingale · sequential testing · conditional assignment · stop signal task · simulation · false rejection · predictable score

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References

6
  1. usesPast-stop counts give negative expected future-stop mean contrasts under independent Bernoulli stops with a common probability, both groups present, and at least three scored trials sci:sha256:db69ba80c39cde1f29ba12bf742a476c6a4f9f30973814e259e5c1c221bdbd74

    This result gives the motivating past-stop count contrast and a known-probability score with zero expectation. We use these prior results to construct a product test with a bound for repeated inspection.

  2. usesCorrect go responses were 65 ms slower after stops under time and face controls in 220 AOMIC PIOP2 runs sci:sha256:b9d2889e73ab3f41c94e9fd528758167f9d6815b5ffba6732f84c68f402ba57b

    We fetched 226 public stop task event tables and seven metadata files from this package. All files then passed a fresh comparison with the pinned public commit. Their counts set the simulation dimensions.

  3. usesdoi:10.18112/openneuro.ds002790.v2.0.0

    The event files from AOMIC PIOP2 version 2.0.0 set the simulation dimensions; no calibrated inference is made about recorded responses.

  4. doi:10.1038/s41597-021-00870-6
  5. doi:10.1214/18-PS321
  6. doi:10.1111/rssa.12647

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