Two of 145 SPARC curves need extra speed changes above 10 percent to fit nondecreasing laws with fixed profiles and bounded masses at three error widths
We measure the extra change in rotation speed that permits a nondecreasing relation between baryonic and observed acceleration in public SPARC data. Each galaxy has its own law. Profile shapes and radii stay fixed. Constant gas, disk, and bulge mass scales stay inside a stated box. Each speed can first change by up to three listed errors. We then find the smallest extra factor range from 1 minus epsilon to 1 plus epsilon. The sample has 145 galaxies and 2696 retained rows. Eight bounds are positive. ESO563-G021 needs epsilon = 21.3454 percent. IC4202 needs 12.6897 percent. These are the only bounds above 10 percent. All eight primary bounds have exact two-radius proofs. A model that changes speeds through sine projection alone gives minimum angle half-widths of 42.595 and 39.214 degrees for these two galaxies. UGC11455 needs 25.777 degrees at its listed angle. Allowing the reference angle to shift by three listed inclination errors reduces these values to 33.595, 36.214, and 22.777 degrees. These angle bounds hold mass geometry fixed. Removing the first retained row brings every speed bound below 10 percent. Wider mass bounds leave the two largest speed bounds unchanged. Exact mass witnesses and lower proofs pass for all 1011 galaxy-and-test cases. Separate linear programs and a full rerun also pass. The package gives code, numerical inputs, source hashes, results, figures, and reproduction steps. These conditional bounds do not measure real warps or statistical significance. They do not test changes in mass-profile shape or a full velocity-field model.
SPARC · galaxy rotation curves · radial acceleration relation · inclination · exact bounds · reproducible astronomy
References
8- usesEight of 145 SPARC curves need shifts above three listed velocity errors to fit a nondecreasing law with fixed mass profiles in the tested ranges sci:sha256:987d2470985d2fb8ff20202eaae70224d35c2f3cc8d70b9924de764944da546d
We reuse its numerical SPARC transcription, selection, mass boxes, and interval-order method. We add extra fractional speed bounds and a conditional angle test.
- usesdoi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/157
The SPARC source gives the public rotation curves, mass components, galaxy metadata, and observing references. We check its public files against the reused transcription.
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.201101
The empirical radial acceleration relation motivates the monotonicity test.
- doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/2/152
This paper gives the SPARC acceleration relation and the context for data selection.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732547
This study already fits mass, distance, and global inclination when it fits a specified acceleration law. Our angle test allows independent radial speed factors with fixed mass geometry.
- doi:10.1093/mnras/stae819
Prior work studies hooks in acceleration tracks, including SPARC examples.
- doi:10.48550/arXiv.1805.10706
Prior work studies the geometry of acceleration tracks.
- usesdoi:10.1086/506177
SPARC assigns the ESO563-G021, IC4202, and UGC11455 curves to this observing paper. It also warns about extinction in the inner optical curves of highly inclined galaxies.
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