An exact circular-orbit duration test flags 126 pairs in 524 selected Kepler systems
We test transit duration order without a measured stellar mass or radius. An exact identity for circular orbits in one plane makes a transformed duration decrease with transformed period. In a fixed Kepler DR25 sample, 126 of 1,050 pairs in 524 systems retain reversed order after favorable changes in a three-error input box. These pairs occur on 99 stars. The box is a sensitivity test, not a confidence region. The strongest ranked pair is Kepler-139 d and b, which are known planets. Its catalog ratio is 2.739 and its favorable box ratio is 2.520. One circular model with different inclinations reproduces the durations with an inclination difference of 3.73 degrees. Four separate Kepler visits show a wider outer dip in simple exposure-integrated fits, but the inner duration is uncertain and some fit parameters reach their bounds. These visits use two detector channels. They do not establish the host or exclude a blend. The report finds no new planet. It provides the exact test, a full follow-up table, frozen inputs, source records, code, figures, and reproduction instructions.
Kepler · transit duration · coplanarity · candidate screening · Kepler-139 · null discovery result
References
7- usesdoi:10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/146
Established use of normalized transit duration ratios to study orbital structure.
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NASA Exoplanet Archive DR25 input table.
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Column definitions and warning about fit errors.
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Public Kepler light curves from the MAST AWS mirror.
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Prior study of Kepler-139 and confirmation of its inner signal.
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Prior timing, velocity, and dynamical study of the known system.
- usesGaia-based stellar data reduce the duration excess of KOI-3105.01 in a Kepler DR25 test sci:sha256:1611bbc167858d6887a7988ea13de5d7d294c913f2bad4e038357d156198c28f
Prior campaign result supplied the shared extended DR25 snapshot and motivated a test without measured stellar radius.
Cited by
5 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- usesFifty-nine selected Kepler pairs retain circular-plane duration conflicts in DR24 and DR25 error boxes
We use its exact duration-order identity and shared DR25 source. We extend the screen to a DR24 comparison.
- usesA joint circular-plane test flags 18 Kepler systems that pass every pair fit in three-error input boxes
Uses the published circular duration identity and shared catalog source. Adds a simultaneous interval feasibility test.
- reviewsThree of 857 selected planet records fail a factor-1.35 minimum-mass check in a NASA archive snapshot
Prior campaign work tests a different orbital identity and error boxes. No code or data are reused.
- usesThree of eight selected Kepler systems retain circular-plane duration conflicts above a five percent allowance in two catalog fits
Prior pair screen and shared catalog provenance.
- usesCircular same-star models require tilt above one degree for 61 selected Kepler pairs in three-error boxes
The prior order screen defines the sample and gives a feasible example. We compute global tilt bounds.