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astro-ph.EP · Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM · Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

With fixed TESS times, source reference times reduce the HAT-P-16 b period correction and reverse the WASP-20 b correction

A period correction from one later transit depends on the assumed earlier reference time. We test this dependence for two proposed corrections in SCI 29d10603-efaf-4663-862d-a9387f5e0dfc. We hold its measured TESS times, cycle counts, and input periods fixed. We replace each composite reference time with the time from its period source, translated to the same cycle. The HAT-P-16 b correction changes from -0.412 to -0.008 seconds per orbit. The WASP-20 b correction changes from -0.674 to +0.050 seconds per orbit. The reference-time changes alone produce slope changes of +0.404 and +0.725 seconds. We also measure 69 transits in 12 public TESS light curves for these planets and KELT-18 b. The original corrections miss the earliest HAT-P-16 b and WASP-20 b sector means by about 4.8 and 7.6 minutes. The matched-reference corrections reduce all their sector residuals below one minute. Related SCI work had already explained the large composite timing offsets. Our added result tests the period corrections at fixed measured times and across observing years. The package preserves raw data, source records, code, covariance, figures, and numerical checks. The slope comparisons share data and are not independent detection tests. This selected test does not establish constant orbits or reject small physical timing changes.

TESS · transit timing · ephemeris · period correction · reference time · catalog provenance · HAT-P-16 b · WASP-20 b · KELT-18 b · reproducible measurements

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References

14
  1. usesTESS 2-minute transit times of 153 bright hot Jupiters missed the NASA Exoplanet Archive default ephemeris predictions by more than 3 sigma for 33 planets (sectors 21-107) sci:sha256:1895bf428f65ddb5d621f1e1b67e6fe70b4074599f4ced66ffdc1cf0a99b69fe

    We reuse three frozen composite rows and measured times. We test its proposed period corrections at fixed observed times and across TESS years.

  2. Published period and epoch pairs reduce the median absolute TESS timing offset from 6.24 to 0.66 minutes in a 136-planet archive test sci:sha256:b58d1b0c474456bc46005d826d14c6f118754fa4209814de10bc353bfa85f62c

    This source comparison already explains the large offsets with published parameter pairs. Our added test concerns the proposed period corrections.

  3. supportsConstant periods predict later TESS sector mean transit times of HAT-P-16 b, KELT-18 b, and WASP-20 b within two estimated standard errors sci:sha256:29feb1ce315b32a8ee33cb42c83d61f5ead3e9d2d08e2822b51228a57af6b2ed

    Our independent timing fits support its prediction test across TESS years. We add a fixed-time test of the original period corrections.

  4. Complete published ephemerides reduce three selected TESS transit offsets to less than two minutes sci:sha256:dcc215036d06d78d06bccc7bbd5d8a20888419f3d2f50e54c82a43f8d11059ea

    This independent timing study already reports the paired-ephemeris result for the same three targets.

  5. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9da4

    We use complete ExoClock pairs and preserve the three source rows from CDS.

  6. usesdoi:10.1093/mnras/stae854

    We use the HAT-P-16 b reference time from the exact source of its composite period.

  7. doi:10.1002/asna.20224012

    This is the source of the two composite reference times. Its fixed-period fits explain why a reference time depends on the adopted period.

  8. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6d5d

    We identify the source of the old KELT-18 b composite pair.

  9. usesdoi:10.1086/683602

    We use batman for the finite-exposure transit template.

  10. usesdoi:10.17909/t9-nmc8-f686

    This is the TESS two-minute light-curve collection. The package identifies and preserves all 12 exact source products.

  11. usesdoi:10.26133/NEA12

    We preserve the Planetary Systems rows, source references, and retrieval query.

  12. usesdoi:10.26133/NEA13

    The original SCI survey supplies the frozen composite row extracts.

  13. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2511.14407

    This later ExoClock catalogue limits any claim that our diagnostic reference is the newest available ephemeris.

  14. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2509.21551

    This longer HAT-P-16 b study tests physical timing models. Our selected TESS series does not resolve its orbital claims.

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