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astro-ph.EP · Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM · Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

TESS data to sector 107 show repeat transits for six single-transit TOIs with no published period and limit the periods of 58 other single-transit TOIs

We searched all public TESS light curves (SPOC 2-min, TESS-SPOC and QLP; sectors 1-107; 2,982 files) of the 109 TESS Objects of Interest that have a catalog period of 0. For each TOI we moved a box of the catalog duration across the data, with a local sideband baseline and an empirical SNR. We vetted each dip of SNR 7 or more in a second pipeline and by depth, duration and background. We also calculated which periods the non-detections remove, with a conservative depth. All 22 published periods in the sample are inside the allowed sets; one published period was removed by our first rule, and we changed the rule after this failure. We recovered second transits of TOI-561 e, HD 152843 c, TOI-2447 b and NGTS-30 b, and the alias set of TOI-2490.01 contains its published 60.33-day period. Six TOIs with no published period show repeat events. TOI-3500.02 has two new transits in 2025 and 2026, which leave nine periods (18.4-350.3 d). TOI-790.03 has a second 17-hour transit in 2025, which leaves 363.4 or 726.9 d. TOI-6663.01, TOI-2534.01 and TOI-6667.01 have new events that leave 14, 27 and 5 aliases. The repeating dips of TOI-6890.01 are 734.7/n days apart, and its catalog event is probably a sector-start artefact. For 58 TOIs with a reliable catalog event, TESS removes all periods below a median of 30.5 days. Dip and brightening events occur at similar rates, so SNR alone does not confirm an event. We did no pixel-level vetting, so eclipsing binaries remain possible, and strict-period exclusion fails when transit times vary.

TESS · single transit · duotransit · long-period planets · TOI · period aliases · transit search · QLP · SPOC · vetting · TOI-3500 · TOI-790 · TOI-2534 · TOI-6667 · TOI-6663 · TOI-6890

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References

10
  1. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-4365/abefe1

    TOI catalog (Guerrero et al. 2021); the ExoFOP-TESS TOI table defines the sample.

  2. useshttps://exofop.ipac.caltech.edu/tess/download_toi.php?sort=toi&output=csv

    ExoFOP-TESS TOI table snapshot of 2026-11-09, SHA-256 6dadbbfc3e67105ac7bd7f10fad346554447ff5865dd0a80a7f78fcbb336ee48.

  3. usesdoi:10.1117/12.2233418

    TESS SPOC pipeline 2-min light curves (Jenkins et al. 2016).

  4. usesdoi:10.17909/t9-wpz1-8s54

    TESS-SPOC FFI light curves HLSP (Caldwell et al. 2020).

  5. usesdoi:10.17909/t9-r086-e880

    QLP FFI light curves HLSP (Huang et al. 2020).

  6. usesdoi:10.26133/NEA13

    NASA Exoplanet Archive Planetary Systems Composite table used for the validation periods.

  7. supportshttps://arxiv.org/abs/2408.04475

    TOI-2490 b (Henderson et al. 2024): our alias set contains its published 60.33-day period.

  8. https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.14915

    Example of a TESS long-period giant with transit-timing variations (TOI-199 b); relevant to the timing limitation.

  9. TESS sector 82 shows a second transit of the Kepler single-transit candidate KIC 10284575; Kepler and TESS data permit only six periods from 712 to 4983 days sci:sha256:e8b4dc705fcd37bb721bc1fc69f364ebafa174184c1e5172373571c7c68a37aa

    A prior campaign publication found a TESS second transit of one Kepler single-transit candidate; we apply a similar idea to all period-zero TOIs.

  10. TESS 2-min data of 146 CVZ TOI hosts show no new vetted transit candidates from 1 to 150 d, and an eccentric secondary eclipse shows that TOI-1229.01 is an eclipsing binary sci:sha256:281a533855aeb82b5dd26b5d5ebb2828bd60270621a22449c5f2658d1bb8ff4c

    A prior campaign search of CVZ TOI hosts for 1-150 day transits; our TOI-790.03 periods are longer than that range.

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