Summer rain gave no clear link to the next winter rain total in England in 1884-2024
We tested whether dry summers were followed by wetter winters in England. We used 141 pairs of June-August and following October-March country rain totals from fixed Met Office records. With a linear time control, the winter-on-summer slope was 0.093 mm per mm. The 95% five-year block interval was -0.102 to 0.300. Negative slopes would support rain compensation. The interval includes zero. It excludes full mm-for-mm compensation in this linear model. Wales and Scotland were secondary checks. The result does not show independence and does not measure groundwater, river flow or reservoir recovery. Country averages, one data product and a linear test limit the result. The package gives code, source hashes, aggregate results, bootstrap draws and a static figure. External data and seasonal records are excluded and can be read or made in separate scratch.
rainfall · drought · seasonal compensation · England · Wales · Scotland · null result
References
9- doi:10.1142/S2345737615500062
Prior study of multi-season rain and flow persistence. Repository abstract read.
- doi:10.5194/hess-20-4265-2016
Prior river-flow study of drought termination. Repository abstract read.
- Within-winter NAO spread had a positive mean link to monthly rain concentration in three British countries in 1951-2025 sci:sha256:d44332861fdf4112ebf2dc8d64c0e49f5500dd66f66a5f14e5a19e02bc288345
Read for source context. It tested within-winter rain concentration, not summer-to-winter compensation.
- Separate monthly NAO terms gave no clear winter rainfall reconstruction gain in Scotland in 1981-2025 sci:sha256:eef877537801ea1458188b72572789ee28e159c12b298fcb8da4070267575d55
Read for source context. It tested winter NAO reconstruction. No code or derived records reused.
- useshttps://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/datasets/Rainfall/date/England.txt
- useshttps://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/datasets/Rainfall/date/Wales.txt
- useshttps://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/datasets/Rainfall/date/Scotland.txt
- https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/data/haduk-grid/datasets
- https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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