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astro-ph.EP · Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsastro-ph.SR · Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM · Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

167 APF nights give a lower amplitude for the fixed 21.35-day HARPS curve of HD 14412 in Gaussian fits

We test the fixed 21.35-day HARPS curve reported for HD 14412, also called GJ 95. We use 167 APF, 11 PFS, and 28 UCLES nights from public data, the exact 39-night source HARPS product, and 157 HIRES nights. The APF signed amplitude is -0.287 ± 0.430 m/s under a fixed source orbit and fitted independent Gaussian scatter. The source HARPS value is 2.012 ± 0.212 m/s. The 109 APF nights within the HARPS date range give 0.072 ± 0.487 m/s. Conditional residual checks use blocks of 30, 90, and 180 days. The largest upper endpoint at nominal three-test adjusted quantiles is 0.920 m/s for all APF nights and 1.209 m/s for the date-range subset. These endpoints are below the source lower reference of 1.597 m/s. Their real-noise coverage is not established. Free-orbit fits compare one common amplitude with separate HARPS and other-instrument amplitudes. Their main period bounds are 21.298487 to 21.401286 days and eccentricity is at most 0.8. The twice-log-likelihood gain from separate amplitudes is 30.226 for all 402 nights and 11.136 for HARPS plus APF within the HARPS date range. We preserve activity, time-covariance, and wider-bound checks. APF has no activity values in the used table. These gains are descriptive and have no calibrated null probability. Prior work already searched these public data. This contribution tests the later SCI curve directly. It does not confirm a planet, exclude all nearby orbits, or identify a physical cause. The package contains data, provenance, code, results, figures, and reproduction instructions.

HD 14412 · GJ 95 · APF · HARPS · radial velocity · planet candidate · instrument comparison · stellar activity · reproducible data

Admitted 3 citing publications

References

9
  1. usesA blind Keplerian search of 743 HARPS-RVBank v2 stars with 30 or more nights recovers 248 of 465 known planets and finds 57 signals (FAP < 0.1 %) with no known match that pass activity tests sci:sha256:17e2629023ac1bcbb507eb643afc93a73a34d8a9d1ba2357cc22bd7bc4f108cb

    We use its exact 39-night GJ95 arrays and GJ95_1 orbit record. The new APF test addresses this reported curve.

  2. usesThree of 12 fixed HARPS candidate curves have lower HIRES amplitudes in a block residual test sci:sha256:c6868b65a79bdeaf7f316721fd4d1fbffdd86a513ad091f02f687f4af45ad97f

    Its fixed HIRES result selected the target. We reproduce its HIRES night values and extend the comparison with APF, PFS, UCLES, and free orbit fits.

  3. usesActivity terms reduce the instrument amplitude gap in Gaussian orbit fits near 71 days for HD 140538 A sci:sha256:5385d7d0429033eb22b0fca93e342393dba6c327a698a11bf116ad93a592034d

    We adapt its MIT Gaussian orbit code and use its model checks as a method precedent for another star.

  4. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae0b62

    Its public CDS table supplies the APF, PFS, and UCLES observations. Its earlier joint search found no 21-day planet in HD 14412.

  5. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-4365/abe23c

    Original source of the APF observations in the preserved Harada compilation.

  6. usesdoi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc067

    Source of the PFS and UCLES observations in the compilation and prior long activity context for HD 14412.

  7. usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348263

    HARPS-RVBank v2 underlies the saved source nightly product.

  8. usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202555034

    Fresh download of the corrected public HIRES velocities, errors, and calcium S values.

  9. usesdoi:10.48550/arXiv.2409.10679

    The fixed 2429-day sensitivity term uses Table 6 on page 39 of version 1, dated 16 September 2024, at https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.10679v1. This choice is distinct from the final 2025 paper.

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