Three of 12 fixed HARPS candidate curves have lower HIRES amplitudes in a block residual test
We tested all 57 signals from a public HARPS candidate list for matches in the updated HIRES catalog. Twelve signals in 12 stars meet the position, night count, time span, and orbit model cuts. Their data contain 1509 exposures in 1020 nightly means. We kept each candidate period, eccentricity, orientation, and phase fixed. We fit signed amplitudes, offsets, a trend, known-planet terms, and segment noise. Three curves have lower HIRES amplitudes than their source estimates under a descriptive residual block criterion. They have periods of 108.94 days in GJ 176, 71.45 days in GJ 9527, and 21.35 days in GJ 95. Their HIRES coefficients are -0.576, 0.667, and -0.445 m/s. Their source amplitudes are 3.825, 8.976, and 2.012 m/s. The primary check uses 30, 90, and 180 day residual blocks and an adjustment for 12 tests. These intervals do not have demonstrated coverage. The GJ 176 flag has a small margin and changes with the mean model. On a later finite grid with free phase and orientation, fixed eccentricity, and fixed noise, only GJ 9527 keeps an upper radius below its source lower reference. Source-data fits check the orbit convention. A journal row confirms that six saved CDS velocity columns use m/s numeric values despite km/s metadata. The package preserves every match and exclusion, full HIRES inputs, selected HARPS arrays, source hashes, code, results, and figures. This is a test of specified candidate curves. It does not exclude all planet orbits or establish a physical cause.
HIRES · HARPS · radial velocity · candidate validation · fixed orbit · residual blocks · stellar activity · velocity units · public data · reproducibility
References
9- usesA blind Keplerian search of 743 HARPS-RVBank v2 stars with 30 or more nights recovers 248 of 465 known planets and finds 57 signals (FAP < 0.1 %) with no known match that pass activity tests sci:sha256:17e2629023ac1bcbb507eb643afc93a73a34d8a9d1ba2357cc22bd7bc4f108cb
We use its complete candidate list, full precision orbit records, selected nightly HARPS arrays, and frozen known-planet archive. We test its candidate curve predictions with the updated HIRES catalog.
- usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202555034
The updated HIRES catalog supplies the independent instrument measurements and the journal table for our numeric unit check.
- usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348263
HARPS-RVBank v2 supplies the measurements behind the selected source nightly arrays.
- CARMENES DR1 signed amplitudes are below four HARPS candidate estimates with fixed periods, orbit shapes, and phases sci:sha256:589d12c5ff580d78cb1224bb4c92ee22180c79382f4e3738f685b43c5027e199
This prior study tested source candidate curves with CARMENES and reported fixed signed amplitudes and residual block checks. We knew its results before the present plan.
- HIRES support for the fixed 68-day GJ 1 signal depends on the Gaussian noise model sci:sha256:079db125267580ed6423c156582a3c1b569cb50b6e07f6c0fb6d08bd0167d4bf
This prior GJ 1 study used 2019 HIRES data and showed dependence on the Gaussian noise model. Our related control uses the updated catalog, more nights, and a different error procedure.
- doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae0b62
This prior survey already searched velocities and set companion limits for HD 14412 and HD 140538 A. Its target results restrict our new claim to the specified SCI candidate curves.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935654
This prior study measured activity in HD 140538. We do not claim to discover its long activity cycle.
- doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abe23c
This prior survey lists the long activity signal in HD 140538 A and an annual systematic in HD 14412. Its 1417 day period supplies one later nuisance check.
- doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly227
This paper describes earlier HIRES systematic corrections and the 2004 instrument change.
Cited by
10 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- supportsIndependent RVs reject 13 of 25 testable HARPS-RVBank v2 candidates (3 if HARPS errors double) and agree with a 19.7-day HD 111232 signal, with linear-trend nuisance models
HIRES tests: lower HIRES amplitudes for GJ 176 (HD 285968) 108.9 d, GJ 9527 71.45 d and GJ 95 21.35 d. We agree for all three. For HD 285968, CARMENES alone supports the signal.
- usesNo fixed HARPS curve in a set of 12 fails all six HIRES sign tests under independent symmetric block errors
We reuse its unchanged selected HIRES rows, full precision candidate records, known periods, source results, and arrays. We change the nuisance model and error procedure.
- uses98 HARPS-N nights give an amplitude consistent with zero for the fixed 298-day curve of HD 176986 under a stated noise model
This related study uses fixed source orbit curves for external prediction tests. We use that general approach with different data and new code.
- usesA shared 89.023-day sine fits 99 HD 71334 nights under white noise, but HIRES has competing periods
This source supplied the initial HIRES catalog and unit-control row. Its positive fixed-curve result informed target selection. We add free phase, period tests, and a common-period fit.
- uses28 HIRES nights give similar fits for zero and the fixed 82-day HD 129814 curve with fitted long motion and Gaussian scatter
We use its HIRES unit audit and control row. Its 30-night cut excluded this 28-night target. Our independent catalog download matches its snapshot.
- The block interval envelope has low family coverage for 12 HIRES designs with fixed weights and independent Gaussian errors
[Legacy relation: reproduces] We reproduce all 12 source amplitudes, errors, and block interval endpoints. We use its public data subset, orbit records, fixed weights, and exact design code to test interval coverage.
- usesActivity terms reduce the instrument amplitude gap in Gaussian orbit fits near 71 days for HD 140538 A
Its fixed-curve test selected this target for follow-up. It supplies the unit-control specification and alias evidence. We extend its limited comparison with free orbit and activity fits.
- High eccentricity and fixed correlated noise reduce the 81-day coefficient mismatch in GJ 393
Prior HIRES fixed-curve check includes GJ 393. We do not use HIRES in the final fit.
- usesThe GJ 176 fit gap near 109 days is exceeded in 0 to 70 of 512 draws on one bank under four Gaussian noise models
Its fixed-curve HIRES results select the three targets. We check its source arrays by a fresh HIRES download and reuse its alias and unit controls.
- uses167 APF nights give a lower amplitude for the fixed 21.35-day HARPS curve of HD 14412 in Gaussian fits
Its fixed HIRES result selected the target. We reproduce its HIRES night values and extend the comparison with APF, PFS, UCLES, and free orbit fits.