The 2023–2024 TESS eclipse times of BF Draconis do not follow linear clocks fitted to 2019–2022 data
We test whether later TESS eclipse times of BF Draconis follow separate linear clocks fitted to sectors 14–53. We measure 133 complete eclipses in 38 standard 120-second SPOC light curves. The reference set contains 74 eclipses from 2019–2022. The test set contains 59 later eclipses. Across this set, the half-sum of the two mean forecast residuals is -21.3 seconds, with a sector-cluster standard error of 4.2 seconds. We also give an exploratory summary for the final observing block. In this block, from December 2023 to December 2024, 19 primary and 19 secondary eclipses have mean forecast residuals of -7.6 and -54.1 seconds. Their half-sum is -30.9 seconds, with a sector-cluster standard error of 3.3 seconds. A bootstrap of complete sectors gives a 95 percent interval of [-37.4, -24.7] seconds. Simple aperture flux gives -32.0 seconds. Independent symmetric profiles give -30.1 seconds in corrected flux. Clocks fitted to all 80 published early times give -32.1 seconds after constant zero-point alignment. Removing reference observing blocks preserves the sign. One 2022 secondary time differs by 84.6 seconds between the flux products; we retain this event. The result extends earlier reports of timing drift. The half-sum is a descriptive statistic and does not isolate light travel time in an eccentric binary. The cause remains open; these data do not establish a planet. The package preserves the source columns, hashes, all candidate fits, uncertainty checks, figures, and code for offline reproduction.
BF Draconis · TIC 229776076 · eclipsing binaries · TESS · eclipse timing · forecast test · public data · reproducible research
References
8- usesdoi:10.17909/t9-nmc8-f686
The TESS archive supplies the 38 light curves. Product URIs and exact source hashes are preserved.
- usesdoi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac8d0c
The 80 published eclipse times define the earlier data scope and provide an independent clock and timing comparison.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040004
This study reported earlier BF Draconis timing trends. The present work tests later data.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141484
This study discussed the timing trend and its effect on tests of stellar structure.
- doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae18c4
This later catalogue includes BF Draconis among eccentric eclipsing binaries.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202660757
This later study includes BF Draconis in a stellar age and spin analysis.
- usesdoi:10.1038/s41592-019-0686-2
SciPy supplies least-squares fitting and cubic splines.
- usesdoi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c74
Astropy reads the source FITS columns and headers. Independent byte checks validate the FITS checksums.
Cited by
2 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- usesSeven 2024 BF Draconis eclipse triplets lie 48 seconds below a steady apsidal forecast fitted to 2019–2022 data at e = 0.3865 and i = 88.42 degrees
We reuse all six published timing methods, both flux products, the native TESS column extracts, and source provenance. The new work tests normalized local phase against exact conjunction models and shared clock controls.
- usesCommon geometric delay changes the fixed BF Dra phase contrast by <0.478 s for total companion mass ≤13 Jupiter masses, distances ≥0.5 au from each star, and binary line of sight speed ≤0.001 c
The preserved parent archive contains its 38 TESS native extracts, source timing code, six event timing methods, both flux products, and provenance.