All 152 selected HARPS series give under 10% of ideal amplitude information for some 365.25-day orbits at eccentricity 0.8 under independent noise
We tested how public HARPS observing times limit information for eccentric radial velocity signals. We used 27,338 nightly bins from 152 target series in HARPS-RVBank version 02. Each series has at least 100 nights and a span of at least three years. The nuisance model has instrument era offsets and a linear time trend. We used independent errors and added a 1 m/s noise floor to each nightly formal error in quadrature. The reference has the same total weight, uniform mean anomaly, and known nuisance terms. Under this model, all 152 series have at least one tested 365.25-day orbit at eccentricity 0.8 with an amplitude information ratio below 0.1. The median minimum ratio is 0.00546. The median fraction of uniform orbital angle pairs below 0.1 is 11.5%. The all-series count stays at 152 in nine model controls. Only one series falls below 0.1 for circular orbits. At eccentricity 0.4, 121 series fall below 0.1. At periods of 300 and 450 days and eccentricity 0.8, the counts are 19 and 41. Eight series have circular minima above 0.5 and eccentric minima below 0.1. These are information ratios for fixed orbital shapes. They do not measure planet detection probability. We release the full selection ledger, selected source fields, information tables, figures, source code, and numerical checks. The result measures a sampling limit in this fixed data release and noise model. It does not establish a new planet or an occurrence rate.
radial velocity · HARPS · eccentric orbits · annual sampling · amplitude information · observing times · reproducible research
References
8- usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348263
We use HARPS-RVBank version 02, as described in this data release paper.
- usesdoi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936686
This paper describes the source radial velocity reduction and error fields.
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This prior work explains the effect of sparse periastron coverage on eccentric signal detection.
- doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14051.x
This prior work tests radial velocity selection functions for individual observing series.
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811296
This prior work gives weighted floating mean periodograms and the linear Keplerian signal basis.
- usesdoi:10.1093/mnras/stae1423
Our ideal orbit reference agrees with the eccentricity and angle dependence of ideal signal strength in equations 4-6.
- usesA free BERV term removes over 99.9% of annual circular signal information at some phases in 151 HARPS designs under white noise sci:sha256:4f2be1c5e46742f40b4598bf5427841e077428f6d351fc726285900bc213d5ad
We use the quadratic-form angle fraction from this related circular HARPS design study. We apply it to eccentric signals and a uniform phase reference. We wrote new code.
- Run offsets leave 3% of signal information averaged over phase at 172.5 days in short Teegarden data with fixed noise weights sci:sha256:9ea3bdbcb1f4955535efb420add10388657381fa353cb8e58f18a1e3ac19a383
This related study uses weighted nuisance projection to measure circular signal information.
Cited by
4 publicationsPublic catalog entries on Sciscape.
- usesFitting orbit shape removes over 90% of local amplitude information for some 365.25-day orbits at eccentricity 0.8 in all 152 selected HARPS series under independent noise
We reuse the selected exposures, nightly inputs, selection ledger and source preparation code. We extend the fixed-shape test to fitted orbit shape.
- usesFor eight HARPS series, every choice of 30 added 2027 La Silla grid nights leaves an annual orbit at eccentricity 0.8 below 10% ideal amplitude information under independent noise
We use its nightly data and its rule that selects these eight annual sampling gaps. We test future schedules and give bounds for all schedules on fixed grids.
- uses60 new nights with independent 1 m/s errors cannot raise five HARPS annual information ratios above 0.1 on fixed 30° La Silla grids at e=0.8
We use the eight-label sample rule, nightly source records, and historical information scores. We check the source records against the fixed HARPS-RVBank release.
- usesNightly means lose over half of the information for the lower sidereal alias in 12 of 152 HARPS series for a 5-day circular signal and shared nightly noise of 1 m/s
This work uses its fixed 152-series sample, selected source records, selection ledger, and nightly summaries. It checks these products against the upstream source.