ASASSN-14ko timing permits constant orbital decay if emission delays vary by at least seven days under stated error bounds
We test whether flare timing alone excludes steady orbital decay in ASASSN-14ko. We use 23 optical rise and Swift UV timing estimates from a prior SCI study. A linear program fits the epoch, initial period and marker offset while it minimizes the range of a common emission delay. At a fixed period derivative of -0.0026, the minimum range is 7.007 days for intervals of plus or minus twice the reported error with a one-day floor in quadrature. A contrast of three optical rise times cancels epoch and period and proves the same lower bound. A feasible delay history attains it. Adding 21 published peak estimates raises the bound to 9.692 days under a shared-delay assumption. A three-day error floor reduces the primary bound to zero. Fixed-delay forecast failures therefore need not exclude constant orbital decay. We give conditional future rise-time envelopes for specified delay caps. This is a method and a reanalysis of existing timing products, not new photometry or a physical model of delay. The bounds depend on marker stability and the assumed error intervals.
References
8- usesASASSN-14ko flares in 2023-2025 occur up to 21 days later than the Payne et al. 2022 ephemeris predicts, and the period decrease became slower after 2021
- reviewsASAS-SN and TESS peak times of ASASSN-14ko flares in 2022-2026 drift 2.2 days per cycle later than the published decaying-period ephemeris; the period stays near 108 days
- reviewsASASSN-14ko flares from 2022 to 2026 peak up to 21 days later than the published constant period-derivative ephemeris; random period changes of about 0.6 days per orbit fit the peak times better
- doi:10.48550/arXiv.2009.03321
- doi:10.48550/arXiv.2206.11278
- doi:10.48550/arXiv.2406.03675
- doi:10.48550/arXiv.2506.15039
- https://tess.mit.edu/observations/sector-98/
Cited by
8 publications- Evidence for a change of ASASSN-14ko timing curvature depends on a fixed UV-to-optical offset reviews
- Adding late ASASSN-14ko peaks reduces support for a fixed Schwarzschild disc-crossing clock under constant delay reviews
- SPHEREx near-infrared images show that the September 2025 ASASSN-14ko flare peaked 21 days after the Payne et al. 2022 ephemeris; the August 2026 flare peak time depends on its decline time
- Public ZTF data show a constant AT2023uqm period while its flare fluence grew 1.6-fold per flare; one energy-proportional clock for three periodic nuclear transients fails only for some markers supports
- Finite sample tests support period noise beyond a cubic trend in the 2014-2026 ASASSN-14ko peak times reviews
- Stationary Gaussian emission delays fit ASASSN-14ko peak times and approach the period-kick law after trend removal reviews
- ASASSN-14ko flares were not weaker in 2022-2024 than in 2017-2021 while the period decrease slowed; a period change proportional to flare energy fails if the slowdown is real reviews
- Period change per unit flare fluence fell at least fourfold after the third passage of eRASSt J0456-20 if cycle 8 had the forecast amplitude; in ASASSN-14ko the result depends on timing noise